Jeremy's Blog

Three years ago I wrote the original script to upload video to Google Drive as a trigger from Motion. Unfortunately Google recently removed support for the old security model and you now have to use OAuth 2.0. Also the gdata libraries have been superseded by the Google API Python Client. A few people have written alternatives to my original script quicker than I did, but here's my new version.

Note: I'm not using any third party libraries like PyDrive for example, this script goes straight to the Google APIs. (PyDrive has not been touched for a long time by its author and is missing features).

Motion Google Drive Uploader on Github

Installation

Google setup:

Go to https://code.google.com/apis/console - make sure you're logged in as the correct user for the Drive you want to use.
Use the drop-down at the top of the page to create a project called 'Uploader'.
Click on "Enable an API" then "Drive API" and then click the "Enable API" button
Next go to "APIs & auth -> Credentials" menu and click "Create new Client ID".
Set Application type to "Installed application" and click "Configure Consent Screen"
Set the Product Name to "Uploader"
You'll be returned back to the dialog. Make sure "Installed application" and "other" are selected and then click "Create Client ID".
Download the JSON file.
Rename it to client_secrets.json and put it somewhere like /home/pi/.

Script setup:

Go to /home/pi/ and get the uploader.py from github: git clone https://github.com/jerbly/motion-uploader.git
Update/install Google Python API: sudo pip install --upgrade google-api-python-client
Make uploader.py executable: chmod a+x uploader.py

Configuration:

If you used the git clone command you'll find the example uploader.cfg file in the motion-uploader directory. This now has a couple more options which need setting up.
oauth/folder - set this to the directory where you have put the client_secrets.json file and where the script can write a credentials. e.g. /home/pi/
docs/snapshot-folder - set this to a public folder name in your drive if you wish to use this feature (explained below).

Initial authentication:

From the command line run the script by hand with your config file and a test avi file e.g. ./uploader.py /home/pi/uploader.cfg /home/pi/test.avi
Copy the URL to your clipboard and paste it into a browser where you are already logged in to Google as the correct user.
Accept and copy the authentication code to the clipboard.
Paste it back in to the command line and hit enter.
This will authenticate you and create a credentials file which will be used for future logins.

Now, finally, you can run up Motion and it should work like it used to.

New feature: Public Snapshot

Motion comes with a feature to periodically take a snapshot regardless of whether motion has been detected. This is a nice feature if you want to have a web site with the latest view from your webcam. You can use Google Drive to host this image rather than installing a web server on your Pi and opening firewalls etc.

Create a public folder in your Google Drive:

Create a new folder called 'public'
Double click on it
Go to the sharing menu (person icon with + sign)
Click "Advanced" and then "Change..."
Set it to "On - Public on the Web"

Configure your uploader.cfg so docs/snapshot-folder is set to this folder 'public'.
Configure motion.conf to take a snapshot every n seconds named lastsnap.jpg and upload it:

snapshot_interval 300
snapshot_filename lastsnap
on_picture_save /home/pi/motion-uploader/uploader.py /home/pi/uploader.cfg %f snap

To find the public URL that you can bookmark and embed in other pages run the command line with the 'snapurl' option: ./uploader.py /home/pi/uploader.cfg /home/pi/lastsnap.jpg snapurl

It will print something like this: https://googledrive.com/host/{your-folder-id-here}/lastsnap.jpg

Stage 1 setup

Follow Adafruit instructions for PiTFT
Get the tutorial code: git clone https://github.com/jerbly/tutorials.git

Test the setup

pi@raspberrypi ~ $ sudo python
Python 2.7.3 (default, Mar 18 2014, 05:13:23)
[GCC 4.6.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pygame
>>> import os
>>> os.putenv('SDL_FBDEV', '/dev/fb1')
>>> pygame.init()
(6, 0)
>>> lcd = pygame.display.set_mode((320, 240))
>>> lcd.fill((255,0,0))
<rect(0, 0, 320, 240)>
>>> pygame.display.update()
>>> pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
1
>>> lcd.fill((0,0,0))
<rect(0, 0, 320, 240)>
>>> pygame.display.update()

You can also run this test (with a one second sleep) from the pygamelcd project: sudo python test1.py

From GPIO to screen

So, we can paint colours on the screen - let's do this from GPIs!

We'll use the four tactile buttons along the bottom of the screen to draw the GPIO number and a coloured background. From left to right the buttons correspond to GPIO #23, #22, #27, and #18.

(Note: If you have a revision 1 board then #27 is #21 - you'll just have to change the code a little)

import pygame
import os
from time import sleep
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO

#Note #21 changed to #27 for rev2 Pi
button_map = {23:(255,0,0), 22:(0,255,0), 27:(0,0,255), 18:(0,0,0)}

#Setup the GPIOs as inputs with Pull Ups since the buttons are connected to GND
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
for k in button_map.keys():
    GPIO.setup(k, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_UP)

#Colours
WHITE = (255,255,255)

os.putenv('SDL_FBDEV', '/dev/fb1')
pygame.init()
pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
lcd = pygame.display.set_mode((320, 240))
lcd.fill((0,0,0))
pygame.display.update()

font_big = pygame.font.Font(None, 100)

while True:
    # Scan the buttons
    for (k,v) in button_map.items():
        if GPIO.input(k) == False:
            lcd.fill(v)
            text_surface = font_big.render('%d'%k, True, WHITE)
            rect = text_surface.get_rect(center=(160,120))
            lcd.blit(text_surface, rect)
            pygame.display.update()
    sleep(0.1)

You can also run this from the pygamelcd project: sudo python test2.py

From screen to GPIO

The PiTFT from Adafruit is a touchscreen. So let's see how we get input from the screen. We'll use this to light some LEDs on the breadboard.

With the PiTFT installed and the 4 tactile buttons there aren't many GPIs left on the model B Raspberry Pi. So wire up #17 and #4. The software renders 4 labels on the screen and then looks for mouse events in the four quarters:

import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
import os
from time import sleep
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO

#Setup the GPIOs as outputs - only 4 and 17 are available
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
GPIO.setup(4, GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.setup(17, GPIO.OUT)

#Colours
WHITE = (255,255,255)

os.putenv('SDL_FBDEV', '/dev/fb1')
os.putenv('SDL_MOUSEDRV', 'TSLIB')
os.putenv('SDL_MOUSEDEV', '/dev/input/touchscreen')

pygame.init()
pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
lcd = pygame.display.set_mode((320, 240))
lcd.fill((0,0,0))
pygame.display.update()

font_big = pygame.font.Font(None, 50)

touch_buttons = {'17 on':(80,60), '4 on':(240,60), '17 off':(80,180), '4 off':(240,180)}

for k,v in touch_buttons.items():
    text_surface = font_big.render('%s'%k, True, WHITE)
    rect = text_surface.get_rect(center=v)
    lcd.blit(text_surface, rect)

pygame.display.update()

while True:
    # Scan touchscreen events
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if(event.type is MOUSEBUTTONDOWN):
            pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
            print pos
        elif(event.type is MOUSEBUTTONUP):
            pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
            print pos
            #Find which quarter of the screen we're in
            x,y = pos
            if y < 120:
                if x < 160:
                    GPIO.output(17, False)
                else:
                    GPIO.output(4, False)
            else:
                if x < 160:
                    GPIO.output(17, True)
                else:
                    GPIO.output(4, True)
    sleep(0.1)

Stage 2 setup

We're now going to improve the UI by introducing a widget framework PygameUI.

1. Update your version of distribute: sudo easy_install -U distribute

2. Install PygameUI: sudo pip install pygameui

PygameUI GPIOs

This example controls GPIO #17 and #4 as above but now we're using the new framework.

The widget rendering and touchscreen events are handled by PygameUI. The PiTft class defines the buttons to draw on screen and the click event to be fired when a button is pressed.

import pygame
import os
import pygameui as ui
import logging
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO

#Setup the GPIOs as outputs - only 4 and 17 are available
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
GPIO.setup(4, GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.setup(17, GPIO.OUT)

log_format = '%(asctime)-6s: %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'
console_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
console_handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter(log_format))
logger = logging.getLogger()
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
logger.addHandler(console_handler)

os.putenv('SDL_FBDEV', '/dev/fb1')
os.putenv('SDL_MOUSEDRV', 'TSLIB')
os.putenv('SDL_MOUSEDEV', '/dev/input/touchscreen')

MARGIN = 20

class PiTft(ui.Scene):
    def __init__(self):
        ui.Scene.__init__(self)

        self.on17_button = ui.Button(ui.Rect(MARGIN, MARGIN, 130, 90), '17 on')
        self.on17_button.on_clicked.connect(self.gpi_button)
        self.add_child(self.on17_button)

        self.on4_button = ui.Button(ui.Rect(170, MARGIN, 130, 90), '4 on')
        self.on4_button.on_clicked.connect(self.gpi_button)
        self.add_child(self.on4_button)

        self.off17_button = ui.Button(ui.Rect(MARGIN, 130, 130, 90), '17 off')
        self.off17_button.on_clicked.connect(self.gpi_button)
        self.add_child(self.off17_button)

        self.off4_button = ui.Button(ui.Rect(170, 130, 130, 90), '4 off')
        self.off4_button.on_clicked.connect(self.gpi_button)
        self.add_child(self.off4_button)

    def gpi_button(self, btn, mbtn):
        logger.info(btn.text)
        
        if btn.text == '17 on':
            GPIO.output(17, False)
        elif btn.text == '4 on':
            GPIO.output(4, False)
        elif btn.text == '17 off':
            GPIO.output(17, True)
        elif btn.text == '4 off':
            GPIO.output(4, True)

ui.init('Raspberry Pi UI', (320, 240))
pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
ui.scene.push(PiTft())
ui.run()

Analog input

This next example uses a 10K potentiometer to provide a varying voltage. For analog to digital I normally use an MCP3008 over SPI. Unfortunately the downside to the Pi TFT touchscreen is that both SPI channels on the Pi are in use. So I've switched to an I2C ADC from Adafruit: ADS1115 16-Bit ADC - 4 Channel with Programmable Gain Amplifier.

Get the Adafruit Python library: git clone https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-Raspberry-Pi-Python-Code.git

If you need to enable i2c follow this guide: Configuring I2C

A few important notes about this code.

A thread is used to constantly read the potentiometer. If you take the reading in-line in the scene update method then you'll slow down the screen refresh rate.
The PotReader class is given a reference to the PiTft class in order to pass data
The ui.Scene class (PiTft) is instantiated after the call to ui.init - if you do this the other way around it will fail.
A signal handler is used to trap ctrl+c and terminate the PotReader thread before calling sys.exit - otherwise the program will not close.

import sys
sys.path.append('/home/pi/Adafruit-Raspberry-Pi-Python-Code/Adafruit_ADS1x15')

import pygame
import os
import pygameui as ui
import logging
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import signal
from Adafruit_ADS1x15 import ADS1x15
import threading
import time

ADS1015 = 0x00  # 12-bit ADC
ADS1115 = 0x01  # 16-bit ADC

# Select the gain
# gain = 6144  # +/- 6.144V
gain = 4096  # +/- 4.096V
# gain = 2048  # +/- 2.048V
# gain = 1024  # +/- 1.024V
# gain = 512   # +/- 0.512V
# gain = 256   # +/- 0.256V

# Select the sample rate
sps = 8    # 8 samples per second
# sps = 16   # 16 samples per second
# sps = 32   # 32 samples per second
# sps = 64   # 64 samples per second
# sps = 128  # 128 samples per second
# sps = 250  # 250 samples per second
# sps = 475  # 475 samples per second
# sps = 860  # 860 samples per second

# Initialise the ADC using the default mode (use default I2C address)
# Set this to ADS1015 or ADS1115 depending on the ADC you are using!
adc = ADS1x15(ic=ADS1115)

#Setup the GPIOs as outputs - only 4 and 17 are available
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
GPIO.setup(4, GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.setup(17, GPIO.OUT)

log_format = '%(asctime)-6s: %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'
console_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
console_handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter(log_format))
logger = logging.getLogger()
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
logger.addHandler(console_handler)

os.putenv('SDL_FBDEV', '/dev/fb1')
os.putenv('SDL_MOUSEDRV', 'TSLIB')
os.putenv('SDL_MOUSEDEV', '/dev/input/touchscreen')

MARGIN = 20

class PotReader():
    def __init__(self, pitft):
        self.pitft = pitft
        self.terminated = False
        
    def terminate(self):
        self.terminated = True
        
    def __call__(self):
        while not self.terminated:
            # Read channel 0 in single-ended mode using the settings above
            volts = adc.readADCSingleEnded(0, gain, sps) / 1000
            self.pitft.set_volts_label(volts)
            self.pitft.set_progress(volts / 3.3)

class PiTft(ui.Scene):
    def __init__(self):
        ui.Scene.__init__(self)

        self.on17_button = ui.Button(ui.Rect(MARGIN, MARGIN, 130, 60), '17 on')
        self.on17_button.on_clicked.connect(self.gpi_button)
        self.add_child(self.on17_button)

        self.on4_button = ui.Button(ui.Rect(170, MARGIN, 130, 60), '4 on')
        self.on4_button.on_clicked.connect(self.gpi_button)
        self.add_child(self.on4_button)

        self.off17_button = ui.Button(ui.Rect(MARGIN, 100, 130, 60), '17 off')
        self.off17_button.on_clicked.connect(self.gpi_button)
        self.add_child(self.off17_button)

        self.off4_button = ui.Button(ui.Rect(170, 100, 130, 60), '4 off')
        self.off4_button.on_clicked.connect(self.gpi_button)
        self.add_child(self.off4_button)

        self.progress_view = ui.ProgressView(ui.Rect(MARGIN, 200, 280, 40))
        self.add_child(self.progress_view)

        self.volts_value = ui.Label(ui.Rect(135, 170, 50, 30), '')
        self.add_child(self.volts_value)

    def gpi_button(self, btn, mbtn):
        logger.info(btn.text)
        
        if btn.text == '17 on':
            GPIO.output(17, False)
        elif btn.text == '4 on':
            GPIO.output(4, False)
        elif btn.text == '17 off':
            GPIO.output(17, True)
        elif btn.text == '4 off':
            GPIO.output(4, True)

    def set_progress(self, percent):
        self.progress_view.progress = percent
        
    def set_volts_label(self, volts):
        self.volts_value.text = '%.2f' % volts

    def update(self, dt):
        ui.Scene.update(self, dt)


ui.init('Raspberry Pi UI', (320, 240))
pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)

pitft = PiTft()

# Start the thread running the callable
potreader = PotReader(pitft)
threading.Thread(target=potreader).start()

def signal_handler(signal, frame):
    print 'You pressed Ctrl+C!'
    potreader.terminate()
    sys.exit(0)
        
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)

ui.scene.push(pitft)
ui.run()

Jeremy's Blog

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2017-05-06

ControlMyPi shutting down :(

2015-06-14

Motion Google Drive Uploader for OAuth 2.0